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a) Archaeology: migrations from the steppe Urheimat — The Proto-Indo-Europeans were likely to have lived during the late Neolithic, or roughly the 4th millennium BCE. Mainstream scholarship places them in the forest-steppe zone immediately to the north of the western end of the Pontic–Caspian steppe in Eastern Europe.
b) Where did Proto Indo-European come from?
The original homeland of the speakers of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is not known for certain, but many scholars believe it lies somewhere around the Black Sea. Most of the subgroups diverged and spread out over much of Europe and the Near East and northern Indian subcontinent during the fourth and third millennia BC.
c)
What is the oldest Indo-European language? ... Hittite
Which Indo-European language is the oldest? The oldest attested Indo-European language is Hittite. There are records written in Hittite cuneiform from about 1650 BC (the Anitta text). Hittite loanwords and personal names have been found in Old Assyrian, dated as early as 2000 BC.
d)
Who were the Hittites descended from?
They are repeatedly mentioned throughout the Hebrew Tanakh (also known as the Christian Old Testament) as the adversaries of the Israelites and their god. According to Genesis 10, they were the descendants of Heth, son of Canaan, who was the son of Ham, born of Noah (Genesis 10: 1-6)